Signs of Preeclampsia: What Expectant Mothers Need to Know

Written By Chyna Hill

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication that can affect both mother and baby. Recognizing the signs early is crucial for proper management and treatment. Here's what expectant mothers and the people who love them should watch for:

Signs of Preeclampsia: What Expectant Mothers Need to Know

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication that can affect both mother and baby. Recognizing the signs early is crucial for proper management and treatment. Here's what expectant mothers should watch for:

Key Signs and Symptoms

1. High Blood Pressure

Preeclampsia is primarily characterized by high blood pressure, typically 140/90 mmHg or higher (Mayo Clinic, NHS). This is often the first sign detected during routine prenatal check-ups.

2. Protein in Urine

Proteinuria, or excess protein in urine, is another defining feature of preeclampsia. This is usually detected through urine tests at prenatal appointments (Mayo Clinic, NHS).

3. Swelling (Edema)

While some swelling is normal during pregnancy, sudden or excessive swelling, particularly in the face, hands, or around the eyes, can be a sign of preeclampsia (Mayo Clinic, MedlinePlus).

4. Severe Headaches

Persistent headaches that don't respond to typical remedies may indicate preeclampsia (Mayo Clinic, MedlinePlus, March of Dimes).

5. Vision Changes

Blurred vision, sensitivity to light, or seeing spots or flashing lights are potential signs of preeclampsia (Mayo Clinic, MedlinePlus, March of Dimes).

6. Upper Abdominal Pain

Pain in the upper right side of the abdomen, below the ribs, is a common symptom. This pain may also be felt in the right shoulder (Mayo Clinic, MedlinePlus, March of Dimes).

7. Nausea and Vomiting

Especially when occurring in the latter half of pregnancy, these symptoms can be concerning (Mayo Clinic, MedlinePlus).

8. Sudden Weight Gain

Gaining more than 2 pounds (0.9 kg) in a week or sudden weight gain over 1–2 days may indicate preeclampsia (MedlinePlus, March of Dimes).

Less Common but Serious Symptoms

  • Decreased Urine Output: Reduced urination can indicate kidney involvement (MedlinePlus).

  • Shortness of Breath: Trouble breathing may occur due to fluid retention in the lungs (Mayo Clinic, MedlinePlus).

  • Dizziness or Feeling Faint: Can signal low oxygen levels or other complications (MedlinePlus).

  • Severe Vomiting: Prolonged or intense vomiting in the latter stages of pregnancy warrants immediate medical attention (WebMD).

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience any of these symptoms, especially after the 20th week of pregnancy or in the weeks following delivery, contact your healthcare provider immediately (NHS, March of Dimes). Regular prenatal care is essential, as some women with preeclampsia may not feel ill, making routine check-ups vital for early detection (MedlinePlus).

Postpartum Preeclampsia

It’s important to note that preeclampsia can also occur after delivery. Symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia are similar to those during pregnancy and can appear up to six weeks postpartum (March of Dimes).

Conclusion

While these signs can be alarming, early detection and proper management of preeclampsia can significantly improve outcomes for both mother and baby. Always communicate any concerns or unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider. Regular prenatal care is key to monitoring for preeclampsia and ensuring a healthy pregnancy.

For more information, visit trusted resources such as the Mayo Clinic, NHS, or March of Dimes.

Chyna Hill
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